Landmark ordinance 
          in Cebu sets to establish the country’s first shark and ray sanctuary
          Press Release 
          July 3, 2015
          CEBU CITY – Almost a 
          year after Cebu hosted the first Philippine Shark Summit, the province 
          strengthened its commitment to protect shark and ray species by 
          establishing the country’s first shark and ray sanctuary, located 
          close to Malapascua Island, in the Municipality of Daanbantayan.
          Through Executive Order 
          16-2015 Engineer Augusto Corro, the Municipal Mayor of Daanbantayan, 
          has designated the world-renowned dive sites of Monad Shoal and Gato 
          Island as a shark and ray sanctuary, prohibiting the catching and 
          trading of all shark and ray species within these waters. Rare 
          species, such as thresher sharks, whitetip sharks, manta rays, and 
          devil rays, can be found in these areas.
          “Our landmark decision to 
          create the country’s first shark and ray sanctuary will ensure the 
          protection and conservation of sharks and rays which are threatened to 
          extinction due to overfishing and the general lack of awareness on the 
          importance of these highly endangered species,” said Mayor Corro. 
          “Hosting the shark and ray sanctuary is also one of the best ways in 
          which our local community can give back to these creatures for 
          bringing-in tourism revenues which boosts their livelihood.”
          The new EO was welcomed by 
          environmentalists, marine conservationists, tourism executives, and 
          local government agencies that gathered at the Cebu Provincial Capitol 
          for a three-day forum on strengthening and implementing the province’s 
          shark and ray ordinance.
          “For a country blessed with 
          unique marine biodiversity, it is high time that we establish a shark 
          and ray sanctuary. We are pleased that Cebu is continuing its great 
          work on shark and ray conservation by establishing sanctuaries that 
          ensure the sustainability of these critical species,” said Vince 
          Cinches, Oceans Campaigner for Greenpeace Philippines. “We urge our 
          national lawmakers to take the cue from Cebu and make similar moves to 
          turn the rest of our national waters into a haven for all shark and 
          ray species.”
          Studies conducted by the 
          Thresher Shark Research and Conservation Project estimates that 
          approximately 80% of the municipal economy of Daanbantayan is fueled 
          by scuba diving, providing employment and supporting livelihoods of 
          local communities and its neighboring municipalities.
          Atty. Chad Estella, head of 
          Cebu’s Anti-Illegal Fishing Task Force, added that the declaration of 
          the shark and ray sanctuary demonstrates how the provincial ordinance 
          is also good for local communities. “One of the action points we’ve 
          come up is to launch OplanPalwis to further strengthen Cebu’s existing 
          ordinance that protects sharks and rays, incorporating science and 
          using the updated and revolutionary Philippine Fisheries Code. This is 
          to ensure that the country’s first shark and ray sanctuary will be 
          effective especially in reversing fish decline due to decades of 
          overfishing,” said Estella.”
          Dennis Bryan Bait-it, the 
          coordinator of Daanbantayan’s Bantay Dagat MigosaIho said, “Protecting 
          sharks and rays is not only economically beneficial to local 
          fisherfolk, but also to our marine ecosystems. Many shark species are 
          indicators of a healthy marine ecosystem. This ensures fish are 
          spawning and thriving so there would be more fish to catch by the 
          local fishermen.”
          Anna Oposa, co-founder of 
          Save Philippine Seas said, “The declaration of the shark and ray 
          sanctuary sends a powerful message to the rest of the country and the 
          world –that with political will, we can protect and restore the health 
          of our seas.”
 
 
 
 
          Hairdresser claims he was 
          fired by ex-boss Ricky Reyes for having HIV
          By TUCP-Nagkaisa
          June 30, 2015
          QUEZON CITY – 
          Forty-seven year old hairdresser and HIV positive Rene Nocos came out 
          in public today after accusing former employer Ricky Reyes of alleged 
          discrimination, unlawful termination and for non-payment of his social 
          protection benefits Social Security System (SSS) and PhilHealth 
          premiums.
          “I have committed wrong 
          choices in the past and suffered heavily for it. My entire family have 
          disowned me. My friends have abandoned me. My co-workers have 
          condemned me. Despite all these, I need my life back. But I can’t 
          rebuild my life back because I was laid off from my job just because I 
          have HIV. I want to put the pieces back together but my employer, 
          Ricky Reyes, denied me of my social protection through SSS and in 
          PhilHealth,” Nocos said.
          Nocos said he had filed on 
          March 3, 2014 multiple labor violations against respondent Reyes as 
          owner of Ricky Superstyle Color Salon and Ms. Tonette Moreno, the vice 
          president, as co-respondent before the National Labor Relations 
          Commission (NLRC) after he was fired on February 28, 2014.
          Reyes and Moreno were 
          charged with illegal dismissal, underpayment of wages and mandatory 
          13th month pay, non-payment of holiday pay, non-payment of separation 
          pay and discrimination. Nocos, also known as “Bambi”, also filed a 
          complaint against his two former superior at the SSS and Philhealth 
          non-payment of premiums since he was employed on July 16, 2003.
          “We are appealing to the 
          NLRC, SSS and Philhealth to render as quickly as possible their 
          judgment on the case filed by Rene. The justice rendered by these 
          institutions is very important factor in Rene’s struggle to move his 
          life on. There is no closure and there is no new beginning for him if 
          there is injustice. We ardently appeal to these agencies to expedite 
          the cases Rene has filed and help him in moving away from 
          discrimination and charting a new life,” said Gerard Seno, executive 
          vice president of the Associated Labor Unions (ALU) during the press 
          conference.
          Nocos said he was fired by 
          Reyes on February last year after confronting the latter for 
          non-payment of Philhealth premium contributions.
          “I tried to avail of free 
          outpatient HIV/AIDS Treatment or OHAT package using Philhealth but I 
          discovered only last year that my employer is not making any payment 
          at all. So I confronted him (Reyes) why he is not paying my Philhealth. 
          He (Reyes) then fired me after learning that I have HIV right there 
          and then,” Nocos said.
          On his part, ALU policy 
          advocacy officer Alan Tanjusay said they will request the Department 
          of Labor and Employment (DOLE) Secretary Rosalinda Baldoz for the 
          Labor Law Compliance Officers (LLCO) to conduct inspection and 
          assessment of all salon outlets owned by Reyes and Moreno.
          “We want the DOLE to conduct 
          complaint assessment of all Reyes’ salons in the country and make sure 
          that all its workers are being paid with the mandated wages and 
          benefits and check if they are paying the SSS and Philhealth of all 
          Ricky Superstyle Color Salon workers,” Tanjusay said.
 
 
 
 
          NMP continues to 
          offer basic safety training for boat captain and marine diesel 
          mechanic and basic safety training for motorboat operators, handlers 
          and fishermen with typhoon preparedness
          
          By National Maritime 
          Polytechnic
          June 30, 2015
          TACLOBAN CITY – The 
          National Maritime Polytechnic (NMP), a government maritime training 
          and research agency located at Brgy. Cabalawan, this City, continues 
          to offer the three-day Basic Safety Training (BST) intended to 
          motorboat operators, handlers and fishermen and the one-day Basic 
          Safety Training (BST) for boat captains and marine diesel mechanics.
          These courses are regularly 
          offered at the NMP Training Complex every semester. BST for boat 
          captains and marine diesel mechanics costs P300.00 only while BST for 
          motorboat operators, handlers and fishermen could be covered by a 
          Memorandum of Agreement (MOA) between NMP and the concerned local 
          government unit (LGU) and/or non-government organization (NGO).
          Existing MOA with the LGU 
          and/or NGO stipulates that it is their duty and responsibility to 
          identify and invite participants to the training in coordination with 
          NMP. They should also provide the financial and administrative support 
          such as provision of snacks and meals of participants and shoulders 
          50% of the cost of dormitory fees if billeted in NMP. Further, they 
          also submit the necessary qualifying documents of the participants 
          such as medical certificates.
          NMP, as the training 
          provider, designs the training course tailored to the training needs 
          of the participants in consultation with relevant external entities. 
          It also provides the venue for training and support staff to assist in 
          the duration of the activity; and funding for supplies, training 
          materials for hand-outs of participants.
          This course may include 
          topics on Personal Survival Techniques (PST), Rules of the Road, Fire 
          Prevention and Fire Fighting (FPFF), Elementary First Aid (EFA), 
          Marine Pollution Prevention and Environmental Protection, STD/HIV/AIDS 
          Prevention in the Maritime Sector (SHAPIMS), Prevention of Alcohol and 
          Drug Abuse in the Maritime Sector (PADAMS), Marine Safety Regulations 
          and Typhoon Preparedness. However, as previously mentioned, the 
          modules/topics in this training vary depending on the knowledge, skill 
          and attitude (KSA) needed by the participants.
          In December 2014, NMP 
          conducted this training to 19 fishermen beneficiaries of Burublig Para 
          Ha Tanauan (BPHT), a non-profit non-governmental organization with 
          charitable, service, participatory and empowering orientation, funded 
          by private individuals, in aid to the communities of Tanauan, Leyte 
          after the onslaught of the super-typhoon Yolanda.
          In the interim, NMP is 
          establishing linkage with the Food and Agriculture Organization of the 
          United Nations (FAO) for a possible Memorandum of Agreement (MOA) in 
          the conduct of this training to at most 1,000 fishermen in Eastern 
          Visayas who were victims of the devastation of super-typhoon Yolanda 
          in 2013.
          Meanwhile, NMP is now 
          offering three MARINA-accredited STCW courses, namely, Operational Use 
          of Electronic Chart Display and Information System (OUECDIS), Ship 
          Security Awareness Training and Seafarers with Designated Security 
          Duties (SSAT and SDSD), and Consolidated Marine Pollution (MARPOL) 
          73/78 Annexes I-VI. 
          
          It also continues to offer 
          its Faculty Development Courses (IMO Model Course 6.09 Training Course 
          for Instructors; IMO Model Course 6.10 Training Course for Simulator 
          Instructors and Assessors; and IMO Model Course 3.12 Assessment, 
          Examination and Certification of Seafarers), and other upgrading 
          courses for marine officers and ratings such as Marine Electrical 
          System (MES), Marine Refrigeration and Air Conditioning (MRAC), 
          Maritime Law for Ship’s Officers (MAR LAW), STD/HIV/AIDS Prevention in 
          the Maritime Sector (SHAPIMS), and Gender Sensitivity Training for 
          Seafarers (GSTS). The training schedule for these courses is now 
          available at NMP.
          For more inquiries and 
          reservation, you may reach the Registrar at the following contact 
          numbers: 09771269675/09298417490. You may also e-mail us at info@nmp.gov.ph 
          or nmp.info@yahoo.com. Or, visit our Training Complex in Brgy. 
          Cabalawan, Tacloban City.
 
 
 
 
          3 New People’s Army 
          (NPA) members surrender to 63rd IB
          By DPAO, 8ID PA
          June 29, 2015
          CAMP VICENTE LUKBAN, 
          Catbalogan City – Three NPA members operating in the First District of 
          Northern Samar surrendered to the 63rd Infantry (Innovator) 
          Battalion’s “A” Company stationed at Barangay Polangi, Catarman, 
          Northern Samar at 8:A.M. of June 27, 2015.
          The three NPAs were Gladys 
          Surio aka Ara, Juvy Gonzaga Somodoy aka Obet and Alberto Cuanico 
          Somodoy aka Tatang/Leon were on lie-low when they voluntarily 
          surrendered. Based on the 8ID record, they were under the Front 
          Committee 2, Northern Samar Provincial Party Committee, now known as 
          Sub-Region Committee Emporium.
          According to Lt. Col. 
          Carmelito L. Pangatungan, Commanding Officer of 63IB, the three NPAs 
          were accompanied by five Kagawad members of Barangay Gebulwangan, 
          Catarman Northern Samar when they surrendered. They are currently 
          under the custody of 63IB while their surrender papers are on process.
          Major General Jet B. 
          Velarmino, 8ID Commander, lauded the efforts made by the 63IB that 
          resulted to the surrender of the three NPA members and also encouraged 
          them to double their effort in winning the peace through community 
          service.
          He also renewed his call for 
          NPA members to return to the mainstream of society and avail of the 
          government programs intended for NPA rebels and enjoy life with their 
          respective families, not a life of an NPA that is full of uncertainty, 
          or a life that is always on the run. He stressed that the 8ID will 
          ensure the safety and well-being of NPA surrenderees while they are in 
          military custody.
 
 
 
 
          Edukasyon.ph kicks 
          off nationwide College Scholarship portal for HS students
          Press Release
          June 29, 2015
          MAKATI CITY – Due to 
          the poor source of information on academic opportunities in the 
          Philippines, Filipino-French Henry Motte-Muñoz established an online 
          portal called Edukasyon.ph where incoming college students can find 
          courses, schools, and scholarships on one site for free. 
          
          “Limited career orientation, 
          expensive tuition fees, and lack of knowledge on where to search for 
          educational opportunities are some of the key problems that high 
          school students and individuals seeking to expand their education and 
          professional development are encountering in choosing the right course 
          and university. Students need help in finding the educational 
          opportunity that will fit their interests, budget, and desired 
          location,” said Edukasyon.ph Chief Executive Officer Ms. Linartes 
          Viloria.
          According to the National 
          Statistical Coordination Board (NSCB), there are a total of 7.2 
          million high school students and only 3.6 million of them are pursuing 
          college, as of 2014. 
          
          “We want to make it easier 
          for students to find the different educational options available for 
          them in the Philippines. Through our online portal, students can now 
          explore all the college and technical-vocational courses offered in 
          our country,” Viloria added. 
          
          Currently on beta, the 
          website boasts of more than 3,000 schools, 30,000 courses, and 2,000 
          scholarships which are offered all over the Philippines. 
          
          “There are so many 
          opportunities for education out there that a lot of our students are 
          unaware of. And these include scholarships they can avail of in the 
          different universities. We want to share this information to help more 
          students get the education that they deserve,” stressed Viloria.
          
          
          Students can easily find 
          schools and scholarships that match their interests and needs just by 
          logging on at www.edukasyon.ph and registering to get a listing of 
          Philippine universities and courses, as well as scholarship updates.
          
          
          “We are thrilled to share 
          with students of Eastern Visayas educational possibilities offered 
          across the country. By giving students a complete picture of what is 
          available for them, we believe that we are able to help them find the 
          education that can get the jobs that they dream of. We want to give 
          them opportunities, empower them with choices, and help them achieve 
          success for the careers they aspire for,” said Viloria. 
          
          
           
 
 
 
          8ID, PN, PNP and 
          DENR confiscate illegally cut lumbers
          By DPAO, 8ID PA
          June 25, 2015
          CAMP LUKBAN, Catbalogan 
          City – Army troops under the Burauen based 78th Infantry 
          Battalion, personnel from Philippine Navy, PNP and DENR confiscated 
          1,586 Board Feet of illegally cut lumbers at Barangay Villa Corazon, 
          Burauen, Leyte on June 24, 2015.
          In a report from Lt. Col. Allan Jose L. Taguba, Commanding Officer of 
          the 78th Infantry Battalion, Kenneth Yves Salon, Chief Surveillance 
          and Intel Section Division of DENR Regional Office 8 made coordination 
          with 78th IB to assist them in confiscating illegally cut lumbers.
          The Anti-Illegal Logging Task Force created under Executive Order 23 
          which is chaired by the Environment Secretary, with the Interior 
          Secretary, Defense Secretary, the Armed Forces Chief, and the 
          Philippine National Police Chief as members, approved a resolution 
          deputizing all officials and personnel of the Armed Forces of the 
          Philippines as environment and natural resources officers.
          Meanwhile, the 8th Infantry Division and its subordinate units spread 
          throughout Region 8 and Bohol has planted 6,380 assorted non-fruit and 
          fruit bearing trees from January 2015 to June 2015 in its thrust in 
          protecting the environment. 
          Maj. Gen. Jet B. Velarmino, 8ID Commander, lauded the joint 
          anti-illegal logging operation of Army, Navy and PNP for exercising 
          its mandate as protector of environment and natural resources by 
          assisting the DENR in enforcing environmental laws. Further, he 
          reiterated the 8ID under his command will continue support to the DENR 
          in implementing its environmental protection programs.
 
 
 
 
          Chiz questions 
          DepEd’s school building program
          By Office of Senator Chiz 
          Escudero
          June 25, 2015
          PASAY CITY – Senator 
          Chiz Escudero said the Department of Education (DepEd) failed to 
          construct a single school building to date despite an allocation of 
          more than P40 billion for its construction program under the 2015 
          national budget.
          “We allocated over P40 
          billion for the school building program for 2015 pero ni isa, June na, 
          wala pang nagagawang school building under the 2015 budget,” Escudero 
          told a news forum in Manila on Wednesday.
          The senator cited the DepEd 
          as among the government agencies that lacked absorptive capacity to 
          spend, thus contributing to public underspending which was largely 
          blamed for the disappointing economic growth in the first quarter.
          At the same time, Escudero 
          expressed his strong opposition to the public-private partnership 
          (PPP) project being undertaken by the DepEd for the construction of 
          new classrooms, saying it was more costly for the government.
          “I’m against the PPP for 
          classrooms kasi may pondo naman tayo e. Bakit mo gagamitin pa sa PPP 
          ‘yung classrooms?” he pointed out.
          Escudero said he did not see 
          the need to contract out the building of classrooms under a project 
          which the government could have easily implemented itself.
          He added that the government 
          was at the losing end of a deal that gave contractors a return rate of 
          10 percent, considering that it could borrow three to four percent 
          from others.
          “The mode of PPP for 
          classroom is actually a more expensive way of borrowing to construct 
          classrooms, when in fact we have sufficient funds to construct our own 
          classrooms,” Escudero stressed.
          Escudero said that engaging 
          in PPP would not address the risk of corruption in infrastructure 
          projects.
          “Kung korapsyon pala ang 
          problema e ‘yun dapat ang i-address mo. Huwag kang uutang ng mas 
          mataas,” Escudero said.
 
 
 
 
 
            
            
              
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                Roy 
                Bautista Advocacy Manager of Save the Children discusses the 
                importance of Children's Emergency Relief and Protection bill  | 
              
            
            
           
          
          Yolanda-battered 
          Tacloban and Leyte backs children’s protection bill during calamities
          By Save the Children
          June 25, 2015
          TACLOBAN CITY – 
          Tacloban City government and Leyte Provincial Council have signed 
          recently resolutions of support pushing for the passage of House bill 
          5285 or the Children’s Emergency Relief and Protection Act, a 
          groundbreaking bill that seeks to provide enhanced relief and 
          protection for vulnerable children caught in disasters.
          As was one of the worst-hit 
          areas by Typhoon Yolanda and ‘center’ of disaster in November 2013, 
          the province of Leyte and its capital Tacloban city are critical areas 
          of support for the bill. 
          
          Ned Olney, Country Director 
          for Save the Children, thanked the provincial and LGU councils for 
          their overwhelming support: 
          
          “Thousands of lives were 
          lost in Tacloban and across Leyte to Typhoon Yolanda. Their children 
          bore the brunt of the destruction and sorrow. These communities 
          understand the critical importance of passing the Children’s Emergency 
          Relief and Protection Act. We welcome this support and we strongly 
          urge the Congress and Senate to pass this quickly before the next 
          typhoon season.” 
          
          “We believe that the support 
          of our local government units (LGUs) and the public sends a message 
          that No Child should ever die again to a Typhoon.” 
          
          The bill proposes that DSWD 
          and other national agencies develop a comprehensive plan to enhance 
          services, increase protection and services for children before, during 
          and after disasters. Some of the noteworthy provisions include: 
          improved family tracing for unaccompanied minors, disaggregated data 
          collection to identify children, trainings on child-focused response, 
          restoration of civil documents and setting up a mechanism to limit use 
          of schools are not used as evacuation over an extended period of time.
          
          
          Today, the Save the Children 
          holds a policy forum to discuss the bill with over 100 representatives 
          from LGUs, non-government organizations, community leaders and 
          children in Tacloban.
          In a short ceremony during 
          the forum, Save the Children awarded plaques of appreciation to the 
          province of Leyte, Tacloban City and over 10 municipalities across 
          Leyte for passing resolutions of support addressed to the Senate and 
          House of Representatives.
 
 
 
 
          Chiz says budget 
          for Bangsamoro region depends on BBL approval
          By Office of Senator Chiz 
          Escudero
          June 24, 2015
          PASAY CITY – Senator 
          Chiz Escudero said discussions on the spending package for the 
          implementation of the proposed Bangsamoro Basic Law (BBL) will be put 
          on hold until the measure is passed into law.
          “Hangga’t wala pang BBL na 
          naipapasa, hindi ito pwede aksyunan,” Escudero said, referring to the 
          funding support that the national government plans to extend to the 
          proposed Bangsamoro region.
          Escudero, chairman of the 
          Senate Committee on Finance, earlier disclosed that the planned 
          Bangsamoro government stands to receive at least P70 billion in the 
          first year of the BBL’s implementation.
          He said the amount was just 
          a ballpark figure and was on top of the revenue income the Bangsamoro 
          government could generate should it begin imposing taxes and fees, and 
          exploring natural resources.
          The senator previously vowed 
          to push for the line-item budgeting of the BBL funds to ensure 
          transparency and accountability into the spending of government funds.
          Based on the computation of 
          the finance committee in the past, P25.2 billion of the P70 billion 
          will come from the Annual Block Grant; P7 billion from the Special 
          Development Fund; P1 billion from the Transition Fund; P12.6 billion 
          from the National Government Subsidy; P19.9 billion from the Internal 
          Revenue Allotment (IRA); P1.7 billion from the ARMM/Bangsamoro 
          collections; and a one-time P2.6 billion Normalization Fund.
 
 
 
 
 
            
            
              
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                (From 
                L-R) LtCol Antonio Dulnuan Jr., MajGen Jet Velarmino and LtCol 
                George Domingo during the Change of Command of 87th Infantry 
                Battalion at Brgy. Polangi, Calbiga, Samar on June 23, 2015.  | 
              
            
            
           
          
          8ID installs new 
          commander for 87th Infantry Battalion
          By DPAO, 8ID PA
          June 24, 2015
          CAMP VICENTE LUKBAN, 
          Catbalogan City – Major General Jet B. Velarmino AFP, Commander 
          8th Infantry (Stormtroopers) Division, Philippine Army presided the 
          Change-of-Command of 87th Infantry (Hinirang) Battalion in a ceremony 
          conducted at Headquarters 87IB at Brgy Polangi, Calbiga, Samar last 
          June 23, 2015.
          Lt. Col. Domingo succeeded 
          Lt. Col. Antonio B. Dulnuan Jr. and took over the helm of 87IB that 
          covers Calbiga, Jiabong, Basey Marabut, Motiong, Paranas, San Jose de 
          Buan, Pinabacdao, Hinabangan, Sta Rita, Talalora, Villareal, Daram, 
          Zumarraga and Catbalogan all of Samar Province. Dulnuan will assume a 
          position at Headquarters 8ID. 
          
          Prior to taking the helm of 
          87th Infantry Battalion, Domingo was the Brigade Executive Officer of 
          801st Infantry Brigade of the 8th Infantry Division, Philippine Army 
          based at Brgy Fatima, Hinabangan, Samar.
          Velarmino in his message 
          acknowledged the contribution of Dulnuan to the peace and development 
          that the province of Samar is now experiencing, at the same time, he 
          challenged Domingo to continue the plans and programs initiated by his 
          predecessor for the overall accomplishment of the Commands mission and 
          the realization of an Insurgency Free Samar.
 
 
 
 
          Chiz welcomes 
          efforts to resume GPH-CPP talks
          By Office of Senator Chiz 
          Escudero
          June 23, 2015
          PASAY CITY – Senator 
          Chiz Escudero welcomed plans by the government to restart negotiations 
          with the Communist Party of the Philippines (CPP), and expressed hopes 
          that the two parties make concrete progress to resume the stalled 
          peace talks as soon as possible.
          “We should welcome this 
          positive development. Any effort that would bring armed conflict to a 
          permanent and just closure through peaceful means deserves the 
          nation’s support,” Escudero said.
          Escudero called on the 
          government and the communist group to “show leadership, courage and 
          responsibility to sustain the effort toward achieving peace.”
          He said it was also 
          important that before returning to the negotiating table, each side 
          put forward concrete proposals rather than just complaints and 
          accusations.
          “I encourage both sides to 
          persevere in their commitment to a peaceful and just settlement of 
          conflicts, otherwise the peace talks will again lead to nothing,” 
          Escudero said.
          Talks with the CPP and its 
          armed wing, the New People’s Army (NPA), were suspended a few years 
          ago after the communist rebels demanded the release of their 
          consultants from government custody.
          The CPP-NPA reportedly 
          prefers to talk peace with the next administration after questioning 
          the Aquino government’s sincerity in the peace talks. 
          
          But just recently, 
          government negotiators said they were coordinating with Norway to 
          determine how the negotiations with the communist group can move 
          forward. Norway facilitates the peace talks between the government and 
          the National Democratic Front, the CPP-NPA’s negotiating arm.